https://curia.europa.eu/site/upload/docs/application/pdf/2026-03/cp260032en.pdf
In Case C‑84/24, the Court of Justice of the European Union held that the assets of a company not itself listed under EU sanctions may nonetheless be frozen if they are owned, held, or controlled by a listed person. The Court confirmed that a 50% shareholding gives rise to a rebuttable presumption of control, while at the same time requiring Member States to provide procedures allowing both the company and the listed individual to challenge and potentially lift the freezing measure.